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| Status |
Public on Aug 14, 2020 |
| Title |
Multiple stages of evolutionary change in anthrax toxin receptor expression in humans |
| Organisms |
Macaca mulatta; Papio anubis |
| Experiment type |
Other
|
| Summary |
The advent of animal husbandry and hunting increased human exposure to zoonotic pathogens. To understand how a zoonotic disease influenced human evolution, we studied changes in human expression of anthrax toxin receptor 2 (ANTXR2), which encodes a cell surface protein necessary for Bacillus anthracis virulence toxins to cause anthrax disease. In immune cells, ANTXR2 was 8-fold down-regulated in all available human samples compared to non-human primates, indicating regulatory changes early in the evolution of modern humans. We also observed multiple genetic signatures consistent with recent positive selection driving a European-specific decrease in ANTXR2 expression in several non-immune tissues affected by anthrax toxins. Our observations fit a model in which humans adapted to anthrax disease following early ecological changes associated with hunting and scavenging, as well as a second period of adaptation after the rise of modern agriculture.
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| Overall design |
Hi-C and MicroC experiments from blood-derived CD4+ T-cells of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). RNA-seq experiments from blood-derived CD4+ T-cells and CD14+ monocytes of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and baboon (Papio anubis).
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| Contributor(s) |
Danko CG, Choate LA, Barshad G |
| Citation(s) |
34782625 |
| Submission date |
Aug 13, 2020 |
| Last update date |
Nov 30, 2021 |
| Contact name |
Charles Grahe Danko |
| E-mail(s) |
dankoc@gmail.com
|
| Organization name |
Cornell University
|
| Department |
Baker Institute for Animal Health
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| Street address |
235 Hungerford Hill Road
|
| City |
Ithaca |
| State/province |
NY |
| ZIP/Postal code |
14853 |
| Country |
USA |
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| Platforms (3) |
| GPL14954 |
Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Macaca mulatta) |
| GPL27943 |
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Macaca mulatta) |
| GPL30489 |
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Papio anubis) |
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| Samples (12)
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA656946 |
| SRA |
SRP277340 |
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