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| Status |
Public on Mar 20, 2024 |
| Title |
NSD2 is a requisite subunit of the AR/FOXA1 neo-enhanceosome in promoting prostate tumorigenesis [RNA-seq] |
| Organism |
Homo sapiens |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing
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| Summary |
Androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-responsive transcription factor that binds at enhancers to drive terminal differentiation of the prostatic luminal epithelia. By contrast, in tumors originating from these cells, AR chromatin occupancy is extensively reprogrammed to drive hyper-proliferative, metastatic, or therapy-resistant phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. Here we show that the tumor-specific enhancer circuitry of AR is critically reliant on the activity of Nuclear Receptor Binding SET Domain Protein 2 (NSD2), a histone 3 lysine 36 di-methyltransferase. NSD2 is ectopically expressed in prostate cancer cells and catalytic inhibition of NSD2 impairs AR trans-activation potential through partial off-loading from over 40,000 genomic sites or greater than 65% of its cistrome. The NSD2-dependent AR sites distinctly harbor a chimeric AR-half motif juxtaposed to a FOXA1 element. Similar chimeric motifs of AR are absent at the NSD2-independent AR enhancers and contain the canonical palindromic motifs instead. Meta-analyses of AR cistromes from patient tumors uncovered chimeric AR motifs to exclusively participate in tumor-specific enhancer circuitries, with a minimal role in physiological activity of AR. Accordingly, NSD2 inactivation attenuated hallmark cancer phenotypes that were fully reinstated upon exogenous NSD2 re-expression. Inactivation of NSD2 also engendered increased dependency on its paralog NSD1, which independently maintained AR and MYC hyper-transcriptional programs in cancer cells. Therapeutically exploiting these insights, we developed a dual NSD1/2 PROTAC degrader, called LLC0150, which was preferentially cytotoxic in AR-dependent prostate cancer and synergized with enzalutamide. In a pan-cancer screen, comprising over 120 cell lines from 22 distinct lineages, NSD1/2 co-degradation triggered apoptotic cell death in AR-addicted prostate cancer as well as NSD2-altered hematologic malignancies. Altogether, we identify NSD2 as a novel subunit of the AR neo-enhanceosome that wires prostate cancer gene expression programs, positioning NSD1/2 paralog co-targeting as a novel and potent therapeutic strategy.
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| Overall design |
Comparative RNA profiles of prostate cancer cells upon CRISPR or siRNA-mediated inactivation of NSD1, NSD2, and/or NSD3 genes, treatment with the EZH2 inhibitor EPZ6438 (72h at 2uM), or treatment with NSD1/2 PROTAC degrader LLC0150 (2um for 24h).
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| Contributor(s) |
Parolia A, Young E, Chinnaiyan A, Asangani I |
| Citation(s) |
38464251 |
| Submission date |
Sep 08, 2023 |
| Last update date |
Mar 20, 2024 |
| Contact name |
Arul Chinnaiyan |
| E-mail(s) |
arul@umich.edu
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| Organization name |
University of Michigan
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| Department |
MCTP
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| Street address |
1500 East Medical Center Dr
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| City |
Ann Arbor |
| State/province |
MI |
| ZIP/Postal code |
48109 |
| Country |
USA |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL16791 |
Illumina HiSeq 2500 (Homo sapiens) |
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| Samples (32)
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| This SubSeries is part of SuperSeries: |
| GSE242737 |
NSD2 is a requisite subunit of the AR/FOXA1 neo-enhanceosome in promoting prostate tumorigenesis |
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA1014434 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE242735_Send_NSD2_GEO_rawcountsmatrix.xlsx |
7.3 Mb |
(ftp)(http) |
XLSX |
SRA Run Selector |
| Raw data are available in SRA |
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